[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.eccr.cz\/kultura-v-zivote-cloveka-poznamenana-pravekem-a-starovekem\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.eccr.cz\/kultura-v-zivote-cloveka-poznamenana-pravekem-a-starovekem\/","headline":"Kultura v \u017eivot\u011b \u010dlov\u011bka poznamenan\u00e1 prav\u011bkem a starov\u011bkem","name":"Kultura v \u017eivot\u011b \u010dlov\u011bka poznamenan\u00e1 prav\u011bkem a starov\u011bkem","description":"Z\u00e1klady kultury n\u00e1m tedy dali pr\u00e1v\u011b obdob\u00ed prav\u011bku a starov\u011bku. V prav\u011bkem obdob\u00ed za\u010d\u00ednali \u017e\u00edt lid\u00e9 v kolektivech, tedy v tlup\u00e1ch a objevovali se tu i prve kulturn\u00ed sou\u017eit\u00ed. Prav\u011bk\u00fd lid\u00e9 se za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed odli\u0161ovat od zv\u00ed\u0159at, kultivuju se pr\u00e1v\u011b v\u00fdrobou prv\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f, znalostmi jako nap\u0159\u00edklad zalo\u017eit ohe\u0148, v\u00fdroba jednoduch\u00fd zbran\u00ed, n\u00e1\u010din\u00ed a lovem. Kdy\u017e u\u017e v\u011bd\u011bli zalo\u017eit ohe\u0148, ... Read moreKultura v \u017eivot\u011b \u010dlov\u011bka poznamenan\u00e1 prav\u011bkem a starov\u011bkem<\/span><\/a>","datePublished":"2020-02-15","dateModified":"2023-05-07","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.eccr.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.eccr.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/d693d76da4b3c2905ed32515295d3c5b2b37600a891f276917d3d592948bcc60?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/d693d76da4b3c2905ed32515295d3c5b2b37600a891f276917d3d592948bcc60?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"eccr.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.eccr.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a371726_w2999_t1582995270.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.eccr.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a371726_w2999_t1582995270.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.eccr.cz\/kultura-v-zivote-cloveka-poznamenana-pravekem-a-starovekem\/","about":["Kultura\r"],"wordCount":892,"articleBody":"Z\u00e1klady kultury n\u00e1m tedy dali pr\u00e1v\u011b obdob\u00ed prav\u011bku a starov\u011bku.\tV prav\u011bkem obdob\u00ed za\u010d\u00ednali \u017e\u00edt lid\u00e9 v kolektivech, tedy v tlup\u00e1ch a objevovali se tu i prve kulturn\u00ed sou\u017eit\u00ed. Prav\u011bk\u00fd lid\u00e9 se za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed odli\u0161ovat od zv\u00ed\u0159at, kultivuju se pr\u00e1v\u011b v\u00fdrobou prv\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f, znalostmi jako nap\u0159\u00edklad zalo\u017eit ohe\u0148, v\u00fdroba jednoduch\u00fd zbran\u00ed, n\u00e1\u010din\u00ed a lovem.\tKdy\u017e u\u017e v\u011bd\u011bli zalo\u017eit ohe\u0148, mohli vzniknut ritu\u00e1ln\u00ed ob\u0159ady, kter\u00e9 oslavovali naroseni, smrt ale tak\u00e9 samotni dosp\u00edvan\u00ed prav\u011bk\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka. Dosp\u00edvan\u00ed se oslavovalo r\u016fzn\u00fdmi formami hry – sout\u011b\u017eivosti zejm\u00e9na u mlad\u00fdch mu\u017e\u016f, kter\u00fdm ur\u010dit\u00e1 presti\u017e a \u00facta byla p\u0159inesena pr\u00e1v\u011b zabit\u00edm medv\u011bda – \u010d\u00edm projevovali svoji silu a odvahu.\t\tD\u00e1le do prv\u00fd f\u00e1zi kultury bychom mohli za\u0159adit i jeskynn\u00ed malby, kter\u00e9 rozpr\u00e1v\u011bli ur\u010dit\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh, a i kdy\u017e byli velice jednoduch\u00e9, tak v dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed na samum za\u010d\u00e1tku v d\u011bjin\u00e1ch v\u00fdtvarn\u00ed kultury.\t \tStarov\u011bk\u00e1 kultura je u\u017e o n\u011bco rozmanit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a bohat\u0161\u00ed co se t\u00fd\u010de lidsk\u00e9ho vy\u017eiti a u\u017e se tu objevuji aj prvky sv\u011btsk\u00e9 kultury jako len mystick\u00e9. O pestrou starov\u011bk\u016f kulturu se postarali oblasti bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho, st\u0159edn\u00e9ho a dalek\u00e9ho v\u00fdchodu.\tNap\u0159\u00edklad v tak\u00e9m Egypte se lidi kulturn\u011b vy\u017e\u00edvali pr\u00e1v\u011b r\u016fzn\u00fdmi z\u00e1pasy, bojov\u00fdmi hrami, nebo sportovn\u00edmi aktivitami a do mnoh\u00fdch u\u017e byli zap\u00e1jeny i male d\u011bti. O spole\u010densk\u00e9 vy\u017eit\u00ed tu nebylo nouze.\t\tAkrobatce a tanec p\u016fsobili tak\u00e9 na jemn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed smysly \u010dlov\u011bka. Nezaost\u00e1vali ani v um\u011bni ji\u017e u\u017e tu m\u016f\u017eeme nal\u00e9zat monument\u00e1ln\u00ed sochy faraon\u016f, obrovsk\u00e9 chr\u00e1my zasv\u011bcen\u00e9 boh\u016fm, \u010di samotn\u00e9 p\u00edsmo Hieroglyfy a n\u00edm napsan\u00e1 Kniha mrtv\u00fdch. Odchod do zem\u011b mrtv\u00fdch, teda smrt faraona byla kulturn\u00edm z\u00e1\u017eitkem sama o sob\u011b. A tak prav\u00e9 Egypt je st\u00e1le vyhled\u00e1van\u00fd pro svoje monument\u00e1ln\u00ed stavby jako kulturn\u00ed d\u011bdictv\u00ed, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1m tu zanechali starov\u011bk\u00fd lid\u00e9.\tIndia n\u00e1m tak\u00e9 zanechala bohatou kulturu \u010di u\u017e vypl\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed ze samotn\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed Hinduizmu, dnes tak milovanou j\u00f3gu, anebo hru pro genie – \u0161achy. Ur\u010dit\u00fd druh kulturn\u00edho vy\u017eiti, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 p\u016fvod v tomto obdob\u00ed a krajin\u011b je pr\u00e1v\u011b K\u00e1mas\u00fatra a tak\u00e9 dnes velice popul\u00e1rn\u00ed meditace.\tV \u010cine krom\u011b meditace, se objevili prve hry s m\u00ed\u010dem – tedy formy fotbal\u016f a golfu. A spole\u010dn\u011b s Japonskem m\u011bli hlavn\u011b bojov\u00e9 hry. V Indii, \u010c\u00edn\u011b a Japonsku se tak\u00e9 formuji prv\u00e9 stopy um\u011bni a loutkov\u00e9ho divadla.\tNaproti tomu \u0159eck\u00e1 kultura n\u00e1m zase zanechala jedno obrovsk\u00e9 kulturn\u00ed p\u0159edstaven\u00ed, jak\u00e9 lidstvo oslavuje ka\u017ed\u00e9 4 roky, a to jsou Olympijsk\u00e9 hry. Je to sportovn\u00ed a sv\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem i spole\u010densk\u00e1 akce. Olympijsk\u00e9 hry byli p\u016fvodn\u011b vytvo\u0159en\u00e9 na po\u010dest boh\u016f ale v dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b tu oslavuji \u0161ikovnost jednotliv\u00fdch sportovc\u016f a jich reprezentaci pro danou krajinu. V starov\u011bku se v obdob\u00ed Olympijsk\u00fdch her nesm\u011blo nikde bojovat. V tomto obdob\u00ed byli velmi obl\u00edben\u00e9 aj st\u0159et\u00e1van\u00ed b\u00e1sn\u00edk\u016f, r\u016fzn\u00e9 filozofick\u00e9 \u00favahy a takt\u00e9\u017e monument\u00e1ln\u00ed stavby a socha\u0159stv\u00ed kter\u00e9 zn\u00e1zor\u0148ovalo prav\u00e9 dobov\u00ed ide\u00e1ly krasy.\tDivadlo u\u017e ale se skute\u010dn\u00fdmi herci, se rozv\u00edjelo tak\u00e9 v \u0159eck\u00e9m obdob\u00ed. Herci hr\u00e1li jedin\u011b v mask\u00e1ch a mimochodem byli to jen mu\u017ei, kte\u0159\u00ed hr\u00e1li i \u017eensk\u00e9 role. Orientovali se sp\u00ed\u0161e na trag\u00e9die a ve sv\u00fdch p\u0159edstaven\u00edch se sna\u017eili lid\u00e9 sp\u00ed\u0161 povzn\u00e1\u0161et a robit lep\u0161\u00edmi. No naproti tomu \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9 divadlo bylo zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 hlavn\u011b na z\u00e1bavu. Vznikla tady i pantomima.\tPot\u00e9 co \u0158\u00edm p\u0159evzal nadvl\u00e1du nad \u0158eckem a zru\u0161il Olympijsk\u00e9 hry, se dal\u0161\u00edm velice obl\u00edben\u00fdmi ale tak\u00e9 dost brut\u00e1ln\u00edmi spole\u010densk\u00fdmi akcemi stali gladi\u00e1torsk\u00e9 z\u00e1pasy, kdy se utkal \u010dlov\u011bk s \u010dlov\u011bkem anebo \u010dlov\u011bk bojoval se zv\u00ed\u0159etem. Spole\u010densky \u017eivot se tu prov\u00e1d\u011bl aj v samotn\u00fdch l\u00e1zn\u00edch, kde se v\u0161ichni st\u0159et\u00e1vali, proto\u017ee l\u00e1zn\u011b neslou\u017eili jen na koupan\u00ed. Vedle nich se toti\u017e nach\u00e1zeli prostory, v kter\u00fdch byli \u010d\u00edt\u00e1rn\u011b, mas\u00e9rny, t\u011blocvi\u010dny. Tak\u017ee slou\u017eili tak\u00e9 na z\u00e1bavu a vzd\u011bl\u00e1ni.\tKdy\u017e to p\u0159eneseme na dne\u0161n\u00ed dobu, tak n\u00e1m mnoh\u00e9 kulturn\u00ed zvyklosti a akce ostali a\u017e dodnes a s velikou oblibou jich provozujeme. \u010ci u\u017e se jedn\u00e1 o ob\u0159adn\u00ed ritu\u00e1ly, spole\u010dn\u00e9 cvi\u010den\u00ed, meditace, sportovn\u00ed akce, nebo tak\u00e9 divadeln\u00ed a tane\u010dn\u00ed vystoupen\u00ed. Z\u00e1pasy modern\u00ed doba tak\u00e9 pozvedla do ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 obl\u00edben\u00fdch spole\u010densk\u00fd akce.A tak m\u016f\u017eeme s klidem \u0159\u00edct, \u017ee z\u00e1klady spole\u010densk\u00e9ho \u017eivota nach\u00e1z\u00edme ji\u017e v d\u00e1vn\u00ed minulosti. 4.4\/5 - (7 votes) "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Kultura v \u017eivot\u011b \u010dlov\u011bka poznamenan\u00e1 prav\u011bkem a starov\u011bkem","item":"https:\/\/www.eccr.cz\/kultura-v-zivote-cloveka-poznamenana-pravekem-a-starovekem\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]